Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a widely used approach to therapy that focuses on helping individuals identify and change negative thought patterns that influence their behavior and emotions. In CBT, you work with a trained therapist to explore how your thoughts, feelings, and actions are interconnected. This process involves a structured, goal-oriented approach and typically takes place over a set number of sessions.

One of the main goals of CBT is to make you more aware of how your thought patterns may be causing difficulties in your life. By recognizing these patterns, you can learn to challenge and replace them with healthier, more productive thoughts. This allows you to handle tough situations in a calmer and more effective way.

CBT is effective for treating a variety of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, PTSD, and eating disorders. For some, it can be the primary treatment, while others may use it in conjunction with medications or other forms of therapy.

Even if you don’t have a specific mental health condition, CBT can still be beneficial. It’s also a great way to build coping skills for managing everyday stress and life challenges more effectively.

What is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a goal-driven type of talk therapy where you work with a therapist to identify and change negative thinking patterns that may be affecting your mood and behavior. It’s one of the most common and well-researched forms of therapy, used to treat a range of mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, substance use, and eating disorders.

CBT is based on the idea that the way we think influences how we feel and act. By recognizing and challenging negative or unhelpful thoughts, you can change the way you respond to stress and difficult situations. This process helps you replace those old patterns with healthier ways of thinking and coping.

Developed in the 1960s by psychiatrist Aaron Beck, CBT focuses on cognitive distortions—automatic, negative thoughts that can distort reality and influence your mood. The goal is to break these patterns, so you can better handle life’s challenges and improve your mental health.

CBT is effective for a wide range of people, whether you’re dealing with a mental health condition or just want to feel better about your day-to-day life. It’s often used alongside medications or other therapies, but it can also work really well on its own. Sessions are typically short-term, and your therapist will tailor the approach to your needs.

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How Is cognitive behavioral therapy used in addiction treatment?

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a highly effective tool in addiction treatment. It works by helping people recognize and change the thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to substance use. The focus is on teaching individuals how their thoughts can influence their actions and emotions, especially in high-pressure situations where cravings might occur.

In addiction treatment, CBT helps individuals identify the triggers that lead to substance use, whether those triggers are emotional, social, or environmental. Once these triggers are identified, CBT teaches people healthier ways to cope with them. The goal is to replace destructive coping mechanisms with positive behaviors that support long-term recovery.

CBT also plays an important role in relapse prevention. By learning new ways to respond to stress or negative emotions, individuals can avoid falling back into old habits. It encourages a problem-solving approach to handling challenges and gives individuals the skills they need to manage their recovery.

Through structured sessions, CBT helps people take control of their actions and develop the skills needed to build a substance-free life. It’s often used in combination with other treatment methods, such as medication, to offer a more well-rounded approach to recovery.

What does cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treat?

CBT is an effective treatment method used for a wide range of mental health issues and emotional difficulties. It is a versatile approach suitable for individuals of all ages, including children, and is used to address both psychological and non-psychological conditions.

  • Addiction
  • Substance use disorder (SUD)
  • Alcohol use disorder (AUD)
  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Stress
  • Trauma and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
  • Phobias
  • Grief and loss
  • Personality disorders
  • Eating disorders (e.g., bulimia, anorexia, binge eating disorder)
  • Anger management
  • Domestic violence
  • Chronic pain and illness

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How does CBT work?

The central idea of CBT is that our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors are interconnected, and by changing negative or unhelpful thoughts, we can improve emotional well-being and actions. The framework of CBT is centered on three primary principles:

  • Psychological issues often stem from distorted thinking patterns.
  • Negative behaviors are frequently learned and reinforced over time.
  • Individuals facing psychological challenges can develop healthier coping mechanisms, leading to symptom relief and positive life changes.

In therapy, clients work closely with a trained therapist to recognize and change unhelpful thought patterns. Therapists may use techniques like role-playing to help clients practice how to manage difficult situations in the future.

The process is collaborative, with the therapist guiding the client through practical exercises. The focus is on developing strategies to identify negative thoughts, challenge them, and replace them with healthier alternatives. CBT is solution-focused, prioritizing present-day issues and actionable steps to improve mental and emotional well-being. Unlike some therapies that dwell on the past, CBT emphasizes how to improve the here and now.

What to expect during CBT

Although CBT is personalized for each individual, the process generally includes the following steps:

  • Assessment: At the start, you’ll likely fill out questionnaires or surveys to describe your symptoms and the challenges you’re facing. Over time, you’ll track your progress using similar tools, which helps you and your therapist identify areas needing more focus.
  • Education: Learning about your condition is a core part of CBT. Your therapist may provide resources such as books, articles, or pamphlets to help you better understand your issues. Knowledge empowers you to challenge negative thoughts and reduce irrational fears, easing anxiety and other distressing emotions.
  • Goal Setting: Together with your therapist, you’ll set specific, achievable goals. For example, if you’re dealing with social anxiety, your goal might be to gradually become more comfortable in social situations. These goals help direct the focus of your sessions and give you a clear path forward.
  • Strategy Practice: CBT involves practicing the skills you’re learning. You might role-play stressful situations (such as public speaking) or practice replacing negative self-talk with more constructive, positive thoughts.
  • Homework Assignments: Active participation outside of therapy is essential for progress. You’ll be given assignments to apply your new skills to everyday situations. This might include keeping a journal or noting how you handle challenging triggers. These activities help reinforce what you learn during sessions and accelerate your progress.

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Goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

CBT helps individuals recognize and change the unhelpful thought patterns that are causing problems in their lives. One of the main goals is to get a clearer understanding of how distorted thinking impacts decisions and behavior. By reassessing those thoughts in a more realistic way, people can begin to tackle challenges from a more grounded perspective.

Another goal is to improve self-awareness—understanding not just one’s own actions and motivations, but also recognizing how others think and behave. This insight helps in developing practical problem-solving skills, making it easier to navigate life’s ups and downs.

CBT also teaches techniques to help calm the mind and body, especially when dealing with stress or anxiety. It encourages facing fears directly, rather than avoiding them, helping individuals build confidence in handling difficult situations.

Is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) covered by insurance?

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is often covered by insurance, especially when it is part of an accredited treatment program. Under the Affordable Care Act, health insurance providers are required to cover mental health and substance use treatments on par with medical and surgical procedures. However, coverage details can vary based on your insurance provider, the specifics of your policy, and the type of treatment you are receiving. Generally, insurance plans cover therapy if it’s considered medically necessary and included in a structured treatment plan prescribed by licensed professionals.

While some plans may fully or partially cover CBT sessions, others may impose limitations such as the number of sessions or require co-pays. The level of coverage depends on factors such as whether the therapy is part of inpatient or outpatient treatment, the duration of therapy, and whether it’s being used for conditions like substance use disorder, depression, anxiety, or other mental health concerns.

To confirm whether your insurance will help with the cost of therapy, give us a call at (888) 123-4567 for a free and quick insurance benefits check.

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Sources

  1. McHugh, K., Hearon, B. and Otto, M. (September 1, 2011). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Volume 33, pp. 511-525.
  2. Chand, S., Kuckel, D., and Huecker, M. (August 26, 2021). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Stat Pearls.

About the content

Last updated on: Oct 24, 2025
Jodi Tarantino (LICSW)

Written by: Carli Simmonds. Carli Simmonds holds a Master of Arts in Community Health Psychology from Northeastern University. From a young age, she witnessed the challenges her community faced with substance abuse, addiction, and mental health challenges, inspiring her dedication to the field.

Jodi Tarantino (LICSW)

Medical reviewed by: Jodi Tarantino, LICSW. Jodi is an experienced, licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) and Program Director with over 20 years of experience in Behavioral Healthcare, demonstrating expertise in substance use disorders, mental health disorders, crisis intervention, training development, and program development. She is a skilled leader in business development with a Master of Social Work (MSW) in Community and Administrative Practice from the University of New Hampshire.

Red Ribbon Recovery is committed to delivering transparent, up-to-date, and medically accurate information. All content is carefully written and reviewed by experienced professionals to ensure clarity and reliability. During the editorial and medical review process, our team fact-checks information using reputable sources. Our goal is to create content that is informative, easy to understand and helpful to our visitors.

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